Release Notes¶

0.10.0¶

New Features¶

Python 3.11 is now supported.

Upgrade Notes¶

Added error messages in case the user defines unsupported values for 『max_execution_time』. Previously, this validation was done on the server side.

Bug Fixes¶

Added deserialization of the params of RuntimeJob.inputs. Previously, the circuits were returned in serialized format. Fixes issue #829.

Allow for users to retrieve all backends even if one of the backends has a missing configuration. The backend without a configuration will not be returned.

0.9.4¶

New Features¶

Added methods to validate input options to transpilation and environment options.

Upgrade Notes¶

When constructing a backend qiskit.transpiler.Target, faulty qubits and gates from the backend configuration will be filtered out.

Deprecation Notes¶

The deprecated arguments circuits, parameters, service, and skip_transpilation have been removed from Sampler.

Similarly, the deprecated arguments circuits, observables, parameters, service, and skip_transpilation have been removed from Estimator.

In QiskitRuntimeService, the auth parameter has been removed. Additionally, the instance, job_tags, and max_execution_time paramters have been removed from qiskit_ibm_runtime.QiskitRuntimeService.run(). They can be passed in through RuntimeOptions instead.

Within RuntimeOptions, backend_name is no longer supported. Please use backend instead.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixed a bug where retrieving a job from a backend without noise_model or seed_simulator options would result in a key error.

0.9.3¶

Upgrade Notes¶

Added error messages in case the user defines unsupported values for 『optimization_level』 or for 『resilience_level』. Added validation checking for options given as input to resilience. Previously, this validation was done on the server side. By adding them on the client side, response will be much faster upon failure. The environment variable QISKIT_RUNTIME_SKIP_OPTIONS_VALIDATION is used to control validation. If set, validation will be skipped.

Backend configurations are no longer loaded when QiskitRuntimeService is initialized. Instead, the configuration is only loaded and cached during get_backend() and backends().

Bug Fixes¶

When creating an Option object and passing an input option to resilience_options, this option was included in resilience_options, but the other, default options were removed. This was fixed, so now inputs are handled correctly, like other option types.

0.9.2¶

New Features¶

Added a new argument called session_time to the program_run method and qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeOptions. Now values entered by the user for session max_time will be sent to the server side as session_time. This allows users to specify different values for session max_time and max_execution_time.

Added the method target_history(). This method is similar to target(). The difference is that the new method enables the user to pass a datetime parameter, to retrieve historical data from the backend.

Upgrade Notes¶

Accept all options on given on level 1 and assign them to the appropriate hierarchical option type. For example, if the user provides options = {"shots": 10} as input to Sampler/Estimator, this will be interpreted as options = {"execution: {"shots": 10}}.

If a job is returned without a backend, retrieving the backend through qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob.backend() will re-retrieve data from the server and attempt to update the backend. Additionally, job_id and backend, which were deprecated attributes of qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob have now been removed.

Added a user warning when the user passes an option that is not supported in Options.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixed a bug where the default values for optimization_level and for resilience_level were not being set correctly.

Fixed an issue where if no backend was selected, optimization_level and resilience_level would default to None, causing the job to fail.

If an instance is passed in to qiskit_ibm_runtime.QiskitRuntimeService.get_backend() and then the backend is used in a session, all jobs within the session will be run from the original instance passed in.

Removed additional decomposition of BlueprintCircuits in the JSON encoder. This was introduced as a bugfix, but has since been fixed. Still doing the decomposition led to possible problems if the decomposed circuit was not in the correct basis set of the backend anymore.

0.9.1¶

Upgrade Notes¶

qiskit_ibm_runtime.QiskitRuntimeService.jobs() now has a backend_name parameter that can be used to only return jobs run with the specified backend.

Allow the user to store account details in a file specified by the user in the parameter. filename. The default remains ~/.qiskit/qiskit-ibm.json. Example of usage: Ex:

QiskitRuntimeService.save_account(channel="ibm_quantum",
                                  filename="~/my_account_file.json",
                                  name = "my_account",
                                  token="my_token")
service = QiskitRuntimeService(channel="ibm_quantum", 
                               filename="~/my_account_file.json", 
                               name = "my_account",)

Deprecation Notes¶

backend is no longer a supported option when using qiskit_ibm_runtime.Session.run(). Sessions do not support multiple cross backends. Additionally, an exception will be raised if a backend passed in through options does not match the original session backend in an active session.

Bug Fixes¶

ECRGate and CZGate mappings have been added to the Target constructor to fix a tranpile bug.

Other Notes¶

Since error messages from a failing job may be long, we shortened them so that they begin from the last Traceback in the message.

0.9.0¶

Upgrade Notes¶

Changed the default values for optimization_level and for resilience_level in qiskit_ibm_runtime.Options. If their values are defined by the user, they are not modified. If not set, if the backend is a noiseless simulator then optimization_level is set to 1 and resilience_level is set to 0; Otherwise, they are be set to 3 and 1 respectively.

session_id() and tags() were added for an easy way to return the session_id and job_tags of a job.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixed a bug where jobs that did not run before a session closes are not actually run as a part of that session. Jobs should run as a part of a session even if that session is closed by the exit of the context manager.

Fixes the issue wherein submitting a large job fails due to write operation timeout.

0.8.0¶

New Features¶

Python 3.10 is now supported.

Advanced resilience options can now be set under options.resilience. See qiskit_ibm_runtime.options.ResilienceOptions for all available options.

You can now specify a pair of result decoders for the result_decoder parameter of qiskit_ibm_runtime.QiskitRuntimeService.run() method. If a pair is specified, the first one is used to decode interim results and the second the final results.

Upgrade Notes¶

The default resilience_level option for has been changed from 0 to 1. In addition, the default optimization_level option has been changed from 1 to 3.

Deprecation Notes¶

The transpilation options translation_method and timing_constraints have been deprecated.

Bug Fixes¶

If a qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMBackend instance is passed to the qiskit_ibm_runtime.Session constructor, the service used to initialize the IBMBackend instance is used for the session instead of the default account service.

0.7.0¶

New Features¶

qiskit_ibm_runtime.Options class now accepts arbitrary keyword arguments. This allows users to specify new options to the primitive programs without upgrading qiskit_ibm_runtime. These arbitrary keyword arguments, however, are not validated.

The qiskit_ibm_runtime.options.EnvironmentOptions class now accepts a callback parameter. This parameter can be used to stream the interim and final results of the primitives.

The qiskit_ibm_runtime.Options class now accepts max_execution_time as a first level option and job_tags as an option under environment. qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeOptions has also been updated to include these two parameters.

Upgrade Notes¶

This version of qiskit-ibm-runtime requires qiskit-terra version 0.22 or higher. The requirements.txt file has been updated accordingly.

Deprecation Notes¶

Qiskit Runtime programs torch-train, torch-infer, sample-expval, sample-program, and quantum_kernal_alignment have been deprecated due to low usage.

Passing instance parameter to the qiskit_ibm_runtime.QiskitRuntimeService.run() has been deprecated. Instead, you can pass the instance parameter inside the options parameter.

Passing job_tags and max_execution_time as parameters to qiskit_ibm_runtime.QiskitRuntimeService has been deprecated. Please pass them inside options.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixes the missing section on retrieving jobs in the how-to guide.

0.6.0¶

Upgrade Notes¶

When migrating from qiskit-ibmq-provider your ibm_quantum channel credentials will get automatically copied over from the qiskitrc file and a qiskit-ibm.json file will get created if one doesn’t exist. You have to just initialize QiskitRuntimeService class without passing any parameters to use this copied over default ibm_quantum account.

Ex:
```
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService
service = QiskitRuntimeService()
```

IBMEstimator class which was deprecated earlier is now removed. Use Estimator class going forward.

IBMRuntimeService class which was deprecated earlier is now removed. Use QiskitRuntimeService class going forward.

0.5.0¶

Prelude¶

This release leverages the API and Queue enhancements to become more runtime session aware. As a result when using the primitives (sampler and estimator), runtime jobs in the same session will skip to the front of the queue, thereby speeding up the runtime session, once it has started.

New Features¶

The service object which is an instance of QiskitRuntimeService class can now be accessed from IBMBackend class using the service property.

Ex:

backend = service.get_backend("ibmq_qasm_simulator")
backend.service  # QiskitRuntimeService instance used to instantiate the backend

Upgrade Notes¶

jobs() has two new parameters, created_after and created_before. These can be used to filter jobs by creation date in local time.

The parameters circuit_indices and observable_indices when calling estimator are now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. You can now pass either indices or objects using the circuits and observables parameters.

Ex:

with Estimator(
  circuits=[qc1, qc2],
  observables=[H1, H2, H3],
  service=service,
  options=options
) as estimator:
  # pass circuits and observables as indices
  result = estimator(circuits=[0, 1], observables=[0, 1], parameter_values=[theta1, theta2])

  # pass circuits and observables as objects
  result = estimator(circuits=[qc1, qc2], observables=[H1, H3], parameter_values=[theta1, theta3])

The parameters circuit_indices and observable_indices when calling estimator are now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. You can now pass either indices or objects using the circuits and observables parameters.

Ex:

with Sampler(
  circuits=[qc1, qc2],
  service=service,
  options=options
) as sampler:
  # pass circuits as indices
  result = sampler(circuits=[0, 1], parameter_values=[theta1, theta2])

  # pass circuit as objects
  result = sampler(circuits=[qc1, qc2], parameter_values=[theta2, theta3])

The session_id, which is the Job ID of the first job in a runtime session can now be used as a filter in jobs() with the parameter session_id.

run() now supports a new parameter, job_tags. These tags can be used when filtering jobs with jobs().

run() now supports a new parameter, max_execution_time, which can be used to override the default program maximum execution time. It should be less than or equal to the program maximum execution time.

jobs() has a new parameter, descending. This parameter defaults to True, where jobs will be returned in descending order based on creation date.

RuntimeJobTimeoutError is now raised when the timeout set in result() or wait_for_final_state() expires.

When initializing QiskitRuntimeService and an invalid token is used, IBMNotAuthorizedError will be raised instead of RequestsApiError.

IBMSampler class which was deprecated earlier is now removed. Use Sampler class going forward.

qubit_properties() will now return a sub class of QubitProperties called IBMQubitProperties and will expose anharmonicity in addition to the t1, t2 and frequency already exposed by the QubitProperties class.

0.4.0¶

Upgrade Notes¶

IBMRuntimeService has been renamed to QiskitRuntimeSerice. IBMRuntimeService class is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release.

Example:

Before:

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import IBMRuntimeService
service = IBMRuntimeService(channel="ibm_cloud", token="...", instance="...")

After:

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService
service = QiskitRuntimeService(channel="ibm_cloud", token="...", instance="...")

IBMEstimator class is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Use Estimator class going forward.

Example:

Before:

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import IBMRuntimeService, IBMEstimator
service = IBMRuntimeService(channel="ibm_cloud", token="...", instance="...")

estimator_factory = IBMEstimator(service=service, backend="ibmq_qasm_simulator")

with estimator_factory(circuits=[qc], observables="...", parameters="...") as estimator:
    result = estimator(circuit_indices=[0], ...)

After:

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService, Estimator
service = QiskitRuntimeService(channel="ibm_cloud", token="...", instance="...")

with Estimator(
  circuits=[qc],
  observables="...",
  parameters="...",
  service=service,
  options={ "backend": "ibmq_qasm_simulator" },  # or IBMBackend<"ibmq_qasm_simulator">
) as estimator:
    result = estimator(circuit_indices=[0], ...)

IBMSampler class is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Use Sampler class going forward.

Example:

Before:

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import IBMRuntimeService, IBMSampler
service = IBMRuntimeService(channel="ibm_cloud", token="...", instance="...")

sampler_factory = IBMSampler(service=service, backend="ibmq_qasm_simulator")

with sampler_factory(circuits=[qc], parameters="...") as sampler:
    result = sampler(circuit_indices=[0], ...)

After:

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService, Sampler
service = QiskitRuntimeService(channel="ibm_cloud", token="...", instance="...")

with Sampler(
  circuits=[qc],
  parameters="...",
  service=service,
  options={ "backend": "ibmq_qasm_simulator" },  # or IBMBackend<"ibmq_qasm_simulator">
) as sampler:
    result = sampler(circuit_indices=[0], ...)

Deprecation Notes¶

IBMRuntimeService, IBMEstimator and IBMSampler classes have been deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Use QiskitRuntimeService, Estimator and Sampler classes instead. See upgrade notes section for a detailed explanation with examples.

0.3.0¶

Upgrade Notes¶

A new parameter channel has now been added to qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService class and also to methods like save_account(), saved_accounts() and delete_account(). It can be set to ibm_quantum or ibm_cloud to authenticate to either of the two different channels through which Qiskit Runtime service is currently offered. channel replaces the auth parameter which has now been deprecated.

Deprecation Notes¶

The auth parameter to qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService class and also to methods like save_account(), saved_accounts() and delete_account() has now been deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use the new channel parameter instead.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixed #291 where passing a single QuantumCircuit to sampler or estimator primitives was throwing an error.

0.2.0¶

New Features¶

qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMEstimator and qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMSampler classes now allow you to easily interact with the estimator and sampler primitive programs. Refer to the examples in the respective class doc strings to learn more about how to use them.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixed a bug where qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob.wait_for_final_state() would result in a NoneType error if the job already completed and qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob.status() was called beforehand.

0.1.0¶

Prelude¶

qiskit-ibm-runtime is a new Python API client for accessing the quantum programs, systems and simulators at IBM Quantum via the Qiskit Runtime Service.

This new package is built upon the work already done in qiskit.providers.ibmq.runtime module in the qiskit-ibmq-provider package and replaces it going forward. The runtime module in qiskit-ibmq-provider package is now deprecated.

qiskit-ibm-runtime is not included as part of Qiskit meta package and thereby you have to install it separately using pip install qiskit-ibm-runtime.

New Features¶

qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.least_busy() will now allow you find the least busy backend.

Upgrade Notes¶

qiskit-ibm-runtime package no longer uses the $HOME/.qiskit/qiskitrc file used by qiskit-ibmq-provider to save credentials. Credentials are now stored in a JSON format in $HOME/.qiskit/qiskit-ibm.json file when you use qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.save_account() method.

You can now save multiple credentials and give an optional name for each credential.

Qiskit Runtime service is accessible using an IBM Quantum (legacy) account or an IBM Cloud (cloud) account. qiskit-ibm-runtime enables you to connect to either of these accounts:

# Legacy
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import IBMRuntimeService
service = IBMRuntimeService(auth="legacy", token="abc")

# Cloud
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import IBMRuntimeService
service = IBMRuntimeService(auth="cloud", token="abc", instance="IBM Cloud CRN or Service instance name")

qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMBackend class now implements the qiskit.providers.BackendV2 interface and provides flatter access to the configuration of a backend, for example:
```
# BackendV1:
backend.configuration().n_qubits

# BackendV2:
backend.num_qubits
```
Only breaking change when compared to BackendV1 is backend.name is now an attribute instead of a method.

Refer to the qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMBackend class doc string for a list of all available attributes.

If you used qiskit.providers.ibmq.AccountProvider.get_backend method (for example, provider.get_backend("ibmq_qasm_simulator")) in the qiskit-ibmq-provider package, it’s equivalent method in this new package is qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.backend():
```
service = IBMRuntimeService()
backend = service.backend("ibmq_qasm_simulator")
```

It is now optional to specify a hub/group/project upfront when connecting to the legacy IBM Quantum account. The hub/group/project is selected in the following order.
- hub/group/project if passed via instance parameter when initializing qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService
- the specific hub/group/project required by the backend specified when calling qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.run()
- the default set previously via qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.save_account()
- a premium hub/group/project in your account
- open access hub/group/project

It is now optional to specify backend_name in options when executing qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.run() method when using cloud runtime (IBM Cloud only). The server will automatically pick a backend and return the name.

qiskit.providers.ibmq.runtime.IBMRuntimeService.logout method in qiskit-ibmq-provider which was used to clear authorization cache on the server has been removed.

Python 3.6 has reached end of life and will no longer be supported in the new qiskit-ibm-runtime package.

qiskit.providers.ibmq.runtime.IBMRuntimeService.run_circuits method in qiskit-ibmq-provider has been removed and will be replaced by the Sampler primitive program.

qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.run() method now accepts runtime execution options as qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeOptions class in addition to already supported Dict. backend_name, image and log_level are the currently available options.

Final result is also streamed now after interim results when you specify a callback to qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.run() or qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob.stream_results().

0.1.0rc2¶

New Features¶

For convenience, you can now set the IBM Cloud service name as a value for the account instance parameter. If you choose to set the name instead of the CRN, the initialization time of the qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService class is slightly higher because the required CRN value is internally resolved via IBM Cloud APIs.

Bug Fixes¶

qiskit_ibm_runtime.utils.json.RuntimeEncoder and qiskit_ibm_runtime.utils.json.RuntimeDecoder have been updated to handle instances of the Instruction class.

Fixed an issue where numpy ndarrays with object types could not be serialized. qiskit_ibm_runtime.utils.json.RuntimeEncoder and qiskit_ibm_runtime.utils.json.RuntimeDecoder have been updated to handle these ndarrays.

0.1.0rc1¶

New Features¶

You can now pass instance parameter in the hub/group/project format to qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.jobs() to filter jobs. Currently only supported for legacy authentication.

You can now use the qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob.interim_results() method to retrieve runtime program interim results. Note that interim results will only be available for up to two days.

Upgrade Notes¶

In order to be consistent with other properties in qiskit_ibm_runtime.RuntimeJob class the job_id and backend methods have been converted to properties.

When uploading a program with qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.upload_program(), the program description is now optional.

When printing programs with qiskit_ibm_runtime.IBMRuntimeService.pprint_programs(), backend_requirements will now be listed.

Bug Fixes¶

Fixed an issue with JSON encoding and decoding when using ParameterExpressions in conjunction with Qiskit Terra 0.19.1 and above. Previously, the Parameter instances reconstructed from the JSON output would have different unique identifiers, causing them to seem unequal to the input. They will now have the correct backing identities.