Session内でprimitiveを実行する¶

There are several ways to set up and use sessions. The following information should not be considered mandatory steps to follow. Instead, choose the configuration that best suits your needs. To learn more about sessions, see Introduction to sessions. This information assumes that you are using Qiskit Runtime primitives.

Prerequisites¶

セッションを開始する前に、Qiskit Runtime をサービスとして初期化する必要があります。

from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService

service = QiskitRuntimeService()

Open a session¶

You can open a runtime session by using the context manager with Session(…) or by initializing the Session class. When you start a session, you can specify options, such as the backend to run on. This topic describes the most commonly used options. For the full list, see the Sessions API documentation.

重要

Data from the first session job is cached and used by subsequent jobs. Therefore, if the first job is cancelled, subsequent session jobs will all fail.

Session class

A session can be created by initializing the Session class, which can then be passed to the desired primitives. Example:

session= Session(service=service, backend="ibmq_qasm_simulator")
estimator = Estimator(session=session)
sampler = Sampler(session=session)

Context manager

The context manager automatically opens a session for you. A session is started when the first primitive job in this context manager starts (not when it is queued). Primitives created in the context automatically use that session. Example:

with Session(service=service, backend="ibmq_qasm_simulator"):
  estimator = Estimator()
  sampler = Sampler()

Specify a backend¶

When you start a session, you can specify session options, such as the backend to run on. A backend is required if you are using the IBM Quantum channel, but optional if you are using the IBM Cloud channel. Once specified, you cannot change the backend used for a session and you cannot specify multiple backends within a session. To use a different backend, open a new session.

There are two ways to specify a backend in a session:

Directly specify a string with the backend name. Example:

backend = "ibmq_qasm_simulator"
with Session(backend=backend):
  ...

Pass the backend object. Example:

backend = service.get_backend("ibmq_qasm_simulator")
with Session(backend=backend):
  ...

Specify the session length¶

When a session is started, it is assigned a maximum session timeout value. After the session has been open the specified amount of time, the session expires and is forcefully closed. You can no longer submit jobs to that session. See What happens when a session ends for further details.

You can configure the maximum session timeout value through the max_time parameter, which can be specified as seconds (int) or a string, like 「2h 30m 40s」. This value has to be greater than the max_execution_time of the job and less than the system’s max_time. The default value is the system’s max_time. See What is the maximum execution time for a Qiskit Runtime job? to determine the system limit.

When setting the session length, consider how long each job within the session might take. For example, if you run five jobs within a session and each job is estimated to be five minutes long, the maximum time for the session should at least 25 min.

with Session(service=service, backend=backend, max_time="25m"):
  ...

There is also an interactive timeout value (5 minutes), which is not configurable. If no session jobs are queued within that window, the session is temporarily deactivated. For more details about session length and timeout, see How long a session stays active.

Close a session¶

When jobs are all done, it is recommended that you use session.close() to close the session. This allows the scheduler to run the next job without waiting for the session timeout, therefore making it easier for everyone. You cannot submit jobs to a closed session.

警告

Close a session only after all session jobs complete, rather than immediately after they have all been submitted. Session jobs that are not completed will fail.

with Session(service=service, backend=backend) as session:
...
estimator = Estimator()
job = estimator.run(...)
# Do not close here, the job might not be completed!
result = job.result()
# Reaching this line means that the job is finished.
session.close()

完全な例¶

In this example, we start a session, run an Estimator job, and output the result:

from qiskit.circuit.random import random_circuit
from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService, Session, Estimator, Options

circuit = random_circuit(2, 2, seed=1).decompose(reps=1)
observable = SparsePauliOp("IY")

options = Options()
options.optimization_level = 2
options.resilience_level = 2

service = QiskitRuntimeService()
with Session(service=service, backend="ibmq_qasm_simulator") as session:
    estimator = Estimator(options=options)
    job = estimator.run(circuit, observable)
    result = job.result()
    # Close the session only if all jobs are finished, and you don't need to run more in the session
    session.close()

display(circuit.draw("mpl"))
print(f" > Observable: {observable.paulis}")
print(f" > Expectation value: {result.values[0]}")
print(f" > Metadata: {result.metadata[0]}")