Código fuente para qiskit_optimization.converters.integer_to_binary

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# (C) Copyright IBM 2020, 2023.
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# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
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"""The converter to map integer variables in a quadratic program to binary variables."""

import copy
from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union

import numpy as np

from .quadratic_program_converter import QuadraticProgramConverter
from ..exceptions import QiskitOptimizationError
from ..problems.quadratic_objective import QuadraticObjective
from ..problems.quadratic_program import QuadraticProgram
from ..problems.variable import Variable


[documentos]class IntegerToBinary(QuadraticProgramConverter): """Convert a :class:`~qiskit_optimization.problems.QuadraticProgram` into new one by encoding integer with binary variables. This bounded-coefficient encoding used in this converted is proposed in [1], Eq. (5). Examples: >>> from qiskit_optimization.problems import QuadraticProgram >>> from qiskit_optimization.converters import IntegerToBinary >>> problem = QuadraticProgram() >>> var = problem.integer_var(name='x', lowerbound=0, upperbound=10) >>> conv = IntegerToBinary() >>> problem2 = conv.convert(problem) References: [1]: Sahar Karimi, Pooya Ronagh (2017), Practical Integer-to-Binary Mapping for Quantum Annealers. arxiv.org:1706.01945. """ _delimiter = "@" # users are supposed not to use this character in variable names def __init__(self) -> None: self._src: Optional[QuadraticProgram] = None self._dst: Optional[QuadraticProgram] = None self._conv: Dict[Variable, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = {} # e.g., self._conv = {x: [('x@1', 1), ('x@2', 2)]}
[documentos] def convert(self, problem: QuadraticProgram) -> QuadraticProgram: """Convert an integer problem into a new problem with binary variables. Args: problem: The problem to be solved, that may contain integer variables. Returns: The converted problem, that contains no integer variables. Raises: QiskitOptimizationError: if variable or constraint type is not supported. """ # Copy original QP as reference. self._src = copy.deepcopy(problem) if self._src.get_num_integer_vars() > 0: # Initialize new QP self._dst = QuadraticProgram(name=problem.name) # Declare variables for x in self._src.variables: if x.vartype == Variable.Type.INTEGER: new_vars = self._convert_var(x.name, x.lowerbound, x.upperbound) self._conv[x] = new_vars for (var_name, _) in new_vars: self._dst.binary_var(var_name) else: if x.vartype == Variable.Type.CONTINUOUS: self._dst.continuous_var(x.lowerbound, x.upperbound, x.name) elif x.vartype == Variable.Type.BINARY: self._dst.binary_var(x.name) else: raise QiskitOptimizationError(f"Unsupported variable type {x.vartype}") self._substitute_int_var() else: # just copy the problem if no integer variables exist self._dst = copy.deepcopy(problem) return self._dst
def _convert_var( self, name: str, lowerbound: float, upperbound: float ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]: var_range = upperbound - lowerbound power = int(np.log2(var_range)) if var_range > 0 else 0 bounded_coef = var_range - (2**power - 1) coeffs = [2**i for i in range(power)] + [bounded_coef] return [(name + self._delimiter + str(i), coef) for i, coef in enumerate(coeffs)] def _convert_linear_coefficients_dict( self, coefficients: Dict[str, float] ) -> Tuple[Dict[str, float], float]: constant = 0.0 linear: Dict[str, float] = {} for name, v in coefficients.items(): x = self._src.get_variable(name) if x in self._conv: for y, coeff in self._conv[x]: linear[y] = v * coeff constant += v * x.lowerbound else: linear[x.name] = v return linear, constant def _convert_quadratic_coefficients_dict( self, coefficients: Dict[Tuple[str, str], float] ) -> Tuple[Dict[Tuple[str, str], float], Dict[str, float], float]: constant = 0.0 linear: Dict[str, float] = {} quadratic = {} for (name_i, name_j), v in coefficients.items(): x = self._src.get_variable(name_i) y = self._src.get_variable(name_j) if x in self._conv and y not in self._conv: for z_x, coeff_x in self._conv[x]: quadratic[z_x, y.name] = v * coeff_x linear[y.name] = linear.get(y.name, 0.0) + v * x.lowerbound elif x not in self._conv and y in self._conv: for z_y, coeff_y in self._conv[y]: quadratic[x.name, z_y] = v * coeff_y linear[x.name] = linear.get(x.name, 0.0) + v * y.lowerbound elif x in self._conv and y in self._conv: for z_x, coeff_x in self._conv[x]: for z_y, coeff_y in self._conv[y]: quadratic[z_x, z_y] = v * coeff_x * coeff_y for z_x, coeff_x in self._conv[x]: linear[z_x] = linear.get(z_x, 0.0) + v * coeff_x * y.lowerbound for z_y, coeff_y in self._conv[y]: linear[z_y] = linear.get(z_y, 0.0) + v * coeff_y * x.lowerbound constant += v * x.lowerbound * y.lowerbound else: quadratic[x.name, y.name] = v return quadratic, linear, constant def _substitute_int_var(self): # set objective linear, linear_constant = self._convert_linear_coefficients_dict( self._src.objective.linear.to_dict(use_name=True) ) quadratic, q_linear, q_constant, = self._convert_quadratic_coefficients_dict( self._src.objective.quadratic.to_dict(use_name=True) ) constant = self._src.objective.constant + linear_constant + q_constant for i, v in q_linear.items(): linear[i] = linear.get(i, 0) + v if self._src.objective.sense == QuadraticObjective.Sense.MINIMIZE: self._dst.minimize(constant, linear, quadratic) else: self._dst.maximize(constant, linear, quadratic) # set linear constraints for constraint in self._src.linear_constraints: linear, constant = self._convert_linear_coefficients_dict( constraint.linear.to_dict(use_name=True) ) self._dst.linear_constraint( linear, constraint.sense, constraint.rhs - constant, constraint.name ) # set quadratic constraints for constraint in self._src.quadratic_constraints: linear, linear_constant = self._convert_linear_coefficients_dict( constraint.linear.to_dict(use_name=True) ) quadratic, q_linear, q_constant = self._convert_quadratic_coefficients_dict( constraint.quadratic.to_dict(use_name=True) ) constant = linear_constant + q_constant for i, v in q_linear.items(): linear[i] = linear.get(i, 0) + v self._dst.quadratic_constraint( linear, quadratic, constraint.sense, constraint.rhs - constant, constraint.name, )
[documentos] def interpret(self, x: Union[np.ndarray, List[float]]) -> np.ndarray: """Convert back the converted problem (binary variables) to the original (integer variables). Args: x: The result of the converted problem or the given result in case of FAILURE. Returns: The result of the original problem. """ # interpret integer values sol = {var.name: x[i] for i, var in enumerate(self._dst.variables)} new_x = np.zeros(self._src.get_num_vars()) for i, var in enumerate(self._src.variables): if var in self._conv: new_x[i] = sum(sol[aux] * coef for aux, coef in self._conv[var]) + var.lowerbound else: new_x[i] = sol[var.name] return np.array(new_x)