qiskit.circuit.library.UGate¶
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class
UGate(theta, phi, lam, label=None)[소스]¶ Generic single-qubit rotation gate with 3 Euler angles.
Implemented using two X90 pulses on IBM Quantum systems:
\[U(\theta, \phi, \lambda) = RZ(\phi - \pi/2) RX(\pi/2) RZ(\pi - \theta) RX(\pi/2) RZ(\lambda - \pi/2)\]Circuit symbol:
┌──────────┐ q_0: ┤ U(ϴ,φ,λ) ├ └──────────┘Matrix Representation:
\[ \begin{align}\begin{aligned}\newcommand{\th}{\frac{\theta}{2}}\\\begin{split}U(\theta, \phi, \lambda) = \begin{pmatrix} \cos(\th) & -e^{i\lambda}\sin(\th) \\ e^{i\phi}\sin(\th) & e^{i(\phi+\lambda)}\cos(\th) \end{pmatrix}\end{split}\end{aligned}\end{align} \]Examples:
\[U\left(\theta, -\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right) = RX(\theta)\]\[U(\theta, 0, 0) = RY(\theta)\]Create new U gate.
Methods
__init__(theta, phi, lam[, label])Create new U gate.
add_decomposition(decomposition)Add a decomposition of the instruction to the SessionEquivalenceLibrary.
assemble()Assemble a QasmQobjInstruction
broadcast_arguments(qargs, cargs)Validation and handling of the arguments and its relationship.
c_if(classical, val)Add classical condition on register or cbit classical and value val.
control([num_ctrl_qubits, label, ctrl_state])Return a (multi-)controlled-U gate.
copy([name])Copy of the instruction.
inverse()Return inverted U gate.
Return True .IFF.
mirror()DEPRECATED: use instruction.reverse_ops().
power(exponent)Creates a unitary gate as gate^exponent.
qasm()Return a default OpenQASM string for the instruction.
repeat(n)Creates an instruction with gate repeated n amount of times.
For a composite instruction, reverse the order of sub-instructions.
soft_compare(other)Soft comparison between gates.
Return a Numpy.array for the gate unitary matrix.
validate_parameter(parameter)Gate parameters should be int, float, or ParameterExpression
Attributes
Get the decompositions of the instruction from the SessionEquivalenceLibrary.
Return definition in terms of other basic gates.
Get the duration.
Return instruction label
return instruction params.
Get the time unit of duration.
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add_decomposition(decomposition)¶ Add a decomposition of the instruction to the SessionEquivalenceLibrary.
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assemble()¶ Assemble a QasmQobjInstruction
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broadcast_arguments(qargs, cargs)¶ Validation and handling of the arguments and its relationship.
For example,
cx([q[0],q[1]], q[2])meanscx(q[0], q[2]); cx(q[1], q[2]). This method yields the arguments in the right grouping. In the given example:in: [[q[0],q[1]], q[2]],[] outs: [q[0], q[2]], [] [q[1], q[2]], []
The general broadcasting rules are:
If len(qargs) == 1:
[q[0], q[1]] -> [q[0]],[q[1]]
If len(qargs) == 2:
[[q[0], q[1]], [r[0], r[1]]] -> [q[0], r[0]], [q[1], r[1]] [[q[0]], [r[0], r[1]]] -> [q[0], r[0]], [q[0], r[1]] [[q[0], q[1]], [r[0]]] -> [q[0], r[0]], [q[1], r[0]]
If len(qargs) >= 3:
[q[0], q[1]], [r[0], r[1]], ...] -> [q[0], r[0], ...], [q[1], r[1], ...]
- 매개변수
qargs (
List) – List of quantum bit arguments.cargs (
List) – List of classical bit arguments.
- 반환 형식
Tuple[List,List]- 반환값
A tuple with single arguments.
- 예외
CircuitError – If the input is not valid. For example, the number of arguments does not match the gate expectation.
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c_if(classical, val)¶ Add classical condition on register or cbit classical and value val.
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control(num_ctrl_qubits=1, label=None, ctrl_state=None)[소스]¶ Return a (multi-)controlled-U gate.
- 매개변수
num_ctrl_qubits (int) – number of control qubits.
label (str or None) – An optional label for the gate [Default: None]
ctrl_state (int or str or None) – control state expressed as integer, string (e.g. ‘110’), or None. If None, use all 1s.
- 반환값
controlled version of this gate.
- 반환 형식
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copy(name=None)¶ Copy of the instruction.
- 매개변수
name (str) – name to be given to the copied circuit, if None then the name stays the same.
- 반환값
- a copy of the current instruction, with the name
updated if it was provided
- 반환 형식
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property
decompositions¶ Get the decompositions of the instruction from the SessionEquivalenceLibrary.
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property
definition¶ Return definition in terms of other basic gates.
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property
duration¶ Get the duration.
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inverse()[소스]¶ Return inverted U gate.
\(U(\theta,\phi,\lambda)^{\dagger} =U(-\theta,-\lambda,-\phi)\))
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is_parameterized()¶ Return True .IFF. instruction is parameterized else False
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property
label¶ Return instruction label
- 반환 형식
str
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mirror()¶ DEPRECATED: use instruction.reverse_ops().
- 반환값
- a new instruction with sub-instructions
reversed.
- 반환 형식
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property
params¶ return instruction params.
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power(exponent)¶ Creates a unitary gate as gate^exponent.
- 매개변수
exponent (float) – Gate^exponent
- 반환값
To which to_matrix is self.to_matrix^exponent.
- 반환 형식
- 예외
CircuitError – If Gate is not unitary
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qasm()¶ Return a default OpenQASM string for the instruction.
Derived instructions may override this to print in a different format (e.g. measure q[0] -> c[0];).
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repeat(n)¶ Creates an instruction with gate repeated n amount of times.
- 매개변수
n (int) – Number of times to repeat the instruction
- 반환값
Containing the definition.
- 반환 형식
- 예외
CircuitError – If n < 1.
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reverse_ops()¶ For a composite instruction, reverse the order of sub-instructions.
This is done by recursively reversing all sub-instructions. It does not invert any gate.
- 반환값
- a new instruction with
sub-instructions reversed.
- 반환 형식
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soft_compare(other)¶ Soft comparison between gates. Their names, number of qubits, and classical bit numbers must match. The number of parameters must match. Each parameter is compared. If one is a ParameterExpression then it is not taken into account.
- 매개변수
other (instruction) – other instruction.
- 반환값
are self and other equal up to parameter expressions.
- 반환 형식
bool
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to_matrix()¶ Return a Numpy.array for the gate unitary matrix.
- 반환값
if the Gate subclass has a matrix definition.
- 반환 형식
np.ndarray
- 예외
CircuitError – If a Gate subclass does not implement this method an exception will be raised when this base class method is called.
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property
unit¶ Get the time unit of duration.
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validate_parameter(parameter)¶ Gate parameters should be int, float, or ParameterExpression
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